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The characteristics and detailed analysis of some materials used in lighting

2023-04-19

1. Quartz Crystal:

水晶灯

The authentic crystal lamp should be made of K9 crystal material. Due to the high value of natural crystal, and many defects, is not suitable for batch use, and serious shortage of resources, crystal lamps now belong to synthetic products, whether imported or domestic, the value of how much are so. In terms of chemical composition, crystal is composed of glass and part of metallic lead. When the content of lead in glass reaches 24%, it can be called crystal in a sense. The role of lead is to make the glass better light transmittivity, and the seven colors of light refracted by natural light are the strongest.


The texture of crystal lamps is generally divided into natural crystal, heavy lead crystal, low lead crystal, crystal glass, etc. Now more than 95% of the crystal lamps on the market are crystal glass.


There are even plastic ones that cost far less than natural and leaded crystals. The main metal materials of crystal lamp are copper and iron, and the price of copper is about 4 ~ 5 times that of iron. Iron, first of all, is cheap and obviously better than copper in terms of robustness and deformation resistance. Therefore, the middle part and square tube part of every lamp are made of iron material, even if the lamp is all copper. The disadvantage is that if it is not completely covered by electroplating, the possibility of rust is 100%. Copper, the price is expensive, the material is soft, the surface treatment is better than iron, and the probability of rust under normal circumstances is very small. The same lamp stand, with copper and iron cost will be 4 ~ 5 times.


If you do thick transparent lampshade, crystal effect is the best, the unit price is relatively high, thick glass will have bubbles.




2. Polymer Clay:

 

软陶灯

Polymer clay is a kind of artificial low temperature polymerization clay. Also called "painted pottery", also known as "barbecue clay". In terms of appearance, the small package of this clay is very similar to plasticine, and the play before baking has a lot of similarities with plasticine. Different colors of earth can be aggregated and molded into a variety of ever-changing patterns and shapes. It is predicted that polymer clay will be the most fascinating craft material in the 21st century.




3. Parchment

羊皮灯

The sheepskin lamps sold on the market at present are imitation sheepskin (known as parchment in the industry), which is covered with a layer of film on the polymer material, to create the effect. Moreover, as far as lamps and lanterns are concerned, due to their relatively simple manufacturing process and basic homogeneity, the difference is only the difference in shape and brand, which is also the reason for the same style and different brand, but the difference is larger.


Due to the import of parchment paper and domestic points, therefore, a better brand of sheepskin lamps most of the selection of imported parchment paper, quality is better than domestic, the price is naturally higher.


Lambskin lamp is the best choice of energy-saving lamp as the light source, if the light bulb surface heat is relatively high, long will make the parchment aging deformation, and easy to smell, pollution of the environment.


Choose the sheepskin lamp five points: ① to see how the feel: two kinds of quality of parchment, feel the feel is not the same, good touch up more smooth, poor touch more rough. ② Look at the flexibility of the material: poor quality of some parchment paper is very brittle, a break can be broken, and good flexible, not easy to tear and break. ③ Look at the film to judge the scrubbing resistance: worse parchment, the film is easily peeled off, such a lamp is not resistant to scrubbing. And better parchment film is more firm, film and the main body as a whole, it is difficult to uncover,


Therefore, washable. ④ Combustibility: parchment with a lighter can be lit, but once left the fire, the worse parchment is still burning, and will take black smoke, and better will be immediately extinguished. What's more, worse parchments will smell a little plastic when burned, while better parchments will smell almost nothing, which reflects the environmental difference, which is very important. ⑤ High temperature resistance, aging resistance: due to good quality sheepskin lamps have good flame retardant, non-open fire is not easy to burn, so that it has good aging resistance, which is its long-term protection of new characteristics.




4. Glass:

琉璃灯

In ancient China, the name of glass is a narrow term of glass. Now, glass generally refers to colored glass works made by adding various oxides. Nowadays, whether optical glass, flat glass, crystal glass, or borax glass and other materials are all known as glass works of art. The glass is made of artificial crystal glass. Its characteristic is that it has a high refractive index of light, so it can present a crystal clear effect. With the cooperation of light, it can fully express its artistic characteristics.




5. Stainless Steel:

不锈钢灯

Refers to the corrosion of steel resistant to air, steam, water and other weak corrosive media and acid, alkali, salt and other chemical etched media, also known as stainless acid resistant steel. In practical application, the steel with weak corrosion resistance is often called stainless steel, and the steel with chemical corrosion resistance is called acid-resistant steel. Because of the difference in chemical composition, the former is not necessarily resistant to corrosion of chemical media, while the latter is generally rust proof. The corrosion resistance of stainless steel depends on the alloying elements contained in the steel.




6. Aluminum Alloy (Aluminum)

铝合金灯

Aluminum alloy still maintains the characteristics of light weight, but the mechanical properties are obviously improved. Using aluminum alloy after anodizing treatment can be colored characteristics, made of various ornaments. Aluminum alloy plate, profile surface can be anticorrosive, embossing, coating, printing and other secondary processing, into a variety of decorative plate, profile, as decorative materials. Its low cost and the use of a single processing process to produce the same parts in large quantities is also one of its characteristics. Its material characteristics are light, easy to work, and in terms of strength unlike carbon fiber has a maximum range of force. In other words, carbon fibers are in a certain fiber direction because of their fiber properties


The force is strong, but the force in other directions will be poor. Several layers of carbon fibre may be used to make a large component, which becomes layered like a shortcake when it exceeds its capacity. And aluminum alloy in a certain amount of force, will slowly deformation and damage.




7. Acrylic (Acrylic, PMMA)

亚克力灯

It is an important thermoplastic developed earlier. It has good transparency, chemical stability and weather resistance. It is easy to dye, easy to process, and beautiful in appearance.


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